Analysis of the Effect of Using LPG as an Alternative Fuel on the Performance and Efficiency of Gasoline Engines
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v4i3.260Keywords:
LPG, Pertalite, Water Pump, Specific Fuel Consumption, Energy Efficiency.Abstract
This study investigates the effect of using Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) as an alternative fuel to Pertalite on the performance, energy efficiency, and operating cost of a 6.5 HP gasoline engine-driven water pump. Experiments were conducted at three engine operating conditions: minimum, average, and maximum engine speeds. The evaluated parameters included engine speed, water discharge, hydraulic power, shaft power, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), thermal efficiency, overall system efficiency, and fuel operating costs. The results indicate that the pump's hydraulic performance, as measured by water discharge and hydraulic power, is not significantly affected by the type of fuel used. However, engines that use Pertalite tend to have slightly better thermal and system efficiencies than LPG engines. From an economic perspective, LPG offers a substantial advantage, with lower operating and energy costs per unit of power. Therefore, despite Pertalite's slightly superior technical efficiency, LPG is a more economical alternative fuel for long-duration water pump applications.
References
Arjianto, dan Usman. 2015. “Penggunaan Gas sebagai Bahan Bakar pada Sepeda Motor Bermesin Injeksi.” Proceedings of Seminar Nasional Tahunan Teknik Mesin XIV (SNTTM XIV), Banjarmasin.
Asnawi, dan A. Setiawan. 2017. “Pengaruh Penggunaan Elpiji sebagai Bahan Bakar terhadap Unjuk Kerja Motor Bakar Bensin.” Jurnal Teknologi Kimia Unimal 6(2):43–51.
Astra International–Daihatsu. 2025. “Harga BBM Pertamina Naik per 1 Juli 2025: Cek Harga BBM Pertamina di Jakarta dan Sekitarnya.” Diakses 15 Juli 2025.
Baruno, B., B. H. Iskandar, M. Imron, dan W. Mawardi. 2014. “Kinerja LPG pada Motor Bakar 6,5 HP sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Perahu Penangkapan Ikan.” Marine Fisheries 5(1):13-25. https://doi.org/10.29244/jmf.5.1.13-25.
Basyirun, Winarno, dan Karnowo. 2008. Mesin Konversi Energi. Semarang: Pusat Penjamin Mutu Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Borman, G. L., dan K. W. Ragland. 1998. Combustion Engineering. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Çengel, Yunus A., dan John M. Cimbala. 2018. Fluid Mechanics: Fundamentals and Applications. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Food and Agriculture Organization. 1986. Irrigation Water Pumps. Rome: FAO.
Ganesan, V. 2004. Internal Combustion Engines. 2nd ed. New Delhi: McGraw-Hill Education.
Hashem, G. T., M. F. Al-Dawody, dan I. E. Sarris. 2023. “The Characteristics of Gasoline Engines with the Use of LPG: An Experimental and Numerical Study.” International Journal of Thermofluids: 18: 100316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijft.2023.100316.
Heywood, John B. 1988. Internal Combustion Engine Fundamentals. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Kambrany, M. A., F. A., dan F. N. 2014. “Pengaruh Filter Udara terhadap Unjuk Kerja Mesin pada Motor Matic.” PROTON 6(1): 42–47. https://doi.org/10.31328/jp.v6i1.178.
Karassik, I. J., J. P. Messina, P. Cooper, dan C. C. Heald. 2008. Pump Handbook. 4th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Lumi, L. A., F. T. Pangalila, R. C. Pamikiran, K. W. A. Masengi, L. Manopo, dan H. F. Dien. 2023. “Studi Perbandingan Penggunaan Bahan Bakar Gas dan Bahan Bakar Minyak pada Mesin Katinting.” Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Perikanan Tangkap 8(1): 25-30. https://doi.org/10.35800/jitpt.8.1.2023.44262.
Mahesh Babu Talupa, P. S. Rao, S. P. Kumar, dan C. Praven. 2017. “Alternative Fuels for Internal Combustion Engines: Overview of Current Research.” SSRG International Journal of Mechanical Engineering 4(3):20-29. https://doi.org/10.14445/23488360/IJME-V4I4P105.
Mawardi, Jufrizal, dan Muhammad Hidayah. 2022. “Uji Kinerja Burner LPG Mesin Stirling Dengan Variasi Kosumsi Bahan Bakar”. IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin Dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) 1 (1):35-40. https://doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v1i1.2.
Mochammad Ryan Hidayatullah. 2025. “Daftar Harga LPG 3 Kg di Seluruh Indonesia per Juli 2025.” Bisnis.com. Diakses 15 Juli 2025.
Mulyaningsih, N., dan A. Marjito. 2006. “Pengaruh Perubahan Pemajuan Waktu Penyalaan terhadap Motor Dual Fuel (Bensin–BBG).” Fakultas Teknik, Jurusan Mesin, Universitas Tidar Magelang 3(1):209–221.
Munsong, B. R., D. F. Young, dan T. H. Okhisi. 2009. Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.
Nuarsa, I. M., I. M. Mara, dan Riskon. 2012. “Pengaruh Posisi Penyemprotan Bahan Gas LPG pada Intake Manifold terhadap Konsumsi Bahan Bakar pada Mesin Bensin Empat Langkah Satu Silinder (Honda Supra X).” Dinamika Teknik Mesin 2(1):55–61.
PT Pertamina (Persero). 2025. Spesifikasi Produk BBM, BBN, dan LPG. Diakses 15 Juli 2025.
https://onesolution.pertamina.com/Product/Download?filename=20201201035120atc_spesifikasi.pdf.
Pudjanarsa, A., dan D. Nursuhud. 2013. Mesin Konversi Energi. Surabaya: Andi Offset.
Pulkrabek, W. W. 2015. Engineering Fundamentals of the Internal Combustion Engine. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Puppung, P. L. 1986. “Penggunaan LPG sebagai Bahan Bakar Motor Bakar.” Lembaran Publikasi Lemigas: 30–39.
Rohmat, Y. N. 2015. “Studi Eksperimen Konversi LPG pada Sepeda Motor Berbahan Bakar Bensin.” Jurnal Teknologi Terapan 1(1): 13. https://doi.org/10.31884/jtt.v1i1.29.
Septiani, Z. D., K. Rozi, dan B. F. Kiono. 2023. “Perbandingan Hasil Pengujian Performa Pompa dan Perhitungan Teoritis pada Karakteristik Pompa terhadap Kecepatan Putar Impeller.” Jurnal Teknik Mesin Universitas Diponegoro 11(4):43-50.
Soewarno. 1912. Pengukuran dan Pengolahan Data Aliran Sungai (Hidrometri). Bandung: Nova.
Tasic, T., P. Pogorevc, dan T. Brajlih. 2011. “Gasoline and LPG Exhaust Emissions.” Advances in Production Engineering and Management 6(2):87-94.
White, Frank M. 2011. Fluid Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Wiryawan, P. N., W. G., dan R. D. K. 2014. “Penentuan Air Fuel Ratio (AFR) Aktual Pembakaran LPG pada Celah Sempit Tipe Horizontal.” Jurnal Teknik Mesin: 45–51.
Yeliana, A., dan N. P. Wibawa. 2004. Bahan Bakar dan Teknik Pembakaran. Denpasar: Program Studi Teknik Mesin, Universitas Udayana.
Yu, J., T. Zhang, dan Z. Qiang. 2011. Electrical Motor Product: International Energy-Efficiency Standards and Testing Methods. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
