Performance Analysis of Overshot Water Wheel with Additional Holes on the Blades
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v5i1.396Keywords:
overshot water wheel, perforated blades, power, torque, efficiencyAbstract
This study aims to analyze the performance of an overshot water wheel with holes added to the blades, focusing on mechanical power, torque, and efficiency. The experiment was conducted using a laboratory-scale water wheel prototype with a fixed number of eight blades. The experimental variations included the number of holes in each blade (12, 16, and 20) and hole diameters (0.07 m, 0.09 m, and 0.11m), with a blade without holes used as a reference condition. The tests were carried out under relatively constant water flow conditions, with shaft rotational speed measured using a tachometer and torque obtained via a braking method. The results indicate that adding holes to the blades significantly improves the performance of the overshot water wheel. The optimal configuration was achieved with 20 holes and a hole diameter of 0.11 m, producing a maximum power of approximately 21 W, the highest torque, and a maximum efficiency of 7.9%. This study demonstrates that optimizing blade design by adding holes is an effective approach to enhancing the performance of overshot water wheels in small-scale microhydropower applications.
References
Abryan Rakasiwi, Rinaldi, A. H. 2016. “Pengaruh Sudu-Sudu pada Model Kincir Air Undershot untuk Irigasi Pertanian.” 3 (2).
Agato, A., A. Sunarso, N. Narsih, D. S. Domi, and D. Iswanda. 2023. “Optimasi Unjuk Kerja Kincir Air Undershot.” Jurnal Rekayasa Mesin 14 (1): 251–260. https://doi.org/10.21776/jrm.v14i1.1239.
Aliah Rahman, K. 2018. “Pengaruh Debit Air terhadap Kinerja Kincir Air.” Jurnal DINAMIS 2 (12): 76–79.
Basri, Rofian, and S. Faridah. 2023. “Pembuatan Kincir Air dengan Pemanfaatan Sungai sebagai Sarana Irigasi di Taman ‘Kotaku’ Desa Gumpang, Kecamatan Kartasura.” 4 (1): 26–36.
Cindy Asa Putri, Sudarti, and Y. Yuliati. 2024. “Penggunaan Air sebagai Sumber Energi Terbarukan untuk Energi Listrik.” 2: 201–204.
Haizan, et al. 2025. “Perancangan Kincir Air Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Mikrohidro Aliran Head Rendah: Studi Kasus di Desa Manemeng Kecamatan Brang Ene Kabupaten Sumbawa Barat.” HEXAGON (Jurnal Teknik dan Sains) 6 (2): 50–64.
Harismandri, T., and Asral. 2017. “Pengujian Prestasi Kincir Air Tipe Overshot di Irigasi Kampus Universitas Riau dengan Penstock Bervariasi.” Jom FTEKNIK 4 (1): 2–6.
Idris, M., and B. H. S. Indra Hermawan. 2023. “Performance Analysis of Aluminum Undershot Waterwheel Type with 10 Blades and 200 Angle.” IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA) 1 (3): 37–43.
Likadja, Mauboy, and L. L. 2020. “Prakiraan Kebutuhan Energi Listrik di Provinsi NTT Tahun 2019–2029 Menggunakan Metode Gabungan dan LEAP.” IX (1): 20–28.
Mariawan. 2017. “Pengaruh Variasi Sudut Masuk Fluida Kerja (β) terhadap Performansi Kincir Air Piko Hidro Sudu Lurus pada Sudut Sudu (θ) 25°.” Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Desain Mekanika 6 (3): 282–287.
Melkias, A., W. Diningrat, and R. Rusmana. 2024. “Pembuatan Turbin Vortex dengan Jumlah Sudu Tiga Bilah.” Jurnal Teknik Energi 12 (2): 17–20. https://doi.org/10.35313/energi.v12i2.5687.
Multazam, A., and I. Desimal. 2021. 2 (2): 211–215.
Nizam, M., A. A. Lestari, E. E. Azzahra, P. Priyonggo, and A. Sa. n.d. “Analisis Eksperimental Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Lubang pada Paddle Wheel Aerator terhadap Peningkatan Oksigen Terlarut di Tambak Udang.” Seminar Nasional Maritim Sains Teknologi Terapan (MASTER): 53–58.
Pambudi, P., S. Widodo, K. Suharno, F. Teknik, and U. Tidar. 2019. “Pengaruh Variasi Jumlah Lubang Udara terhadap Efisiensi Kompor Biomassa.” 2 (1).
Pranolo, S. H., S. U. Muzayanha, C. S. Yudha, L. M. Hasanah, and E. N. Shohih. 2018. “Kajian Konsumsi Energi Spesifik Sektor Industri Kimia di Indonesia sebagai Acuan Efisiensi Energi.” Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Ecosmart: 48–55.
Ridlo, R., and A. Hakim. 2020. “Model Energi Indonesia: Tinjauan Potensi Energi Terbarukan untuk Ketahanan Energi di Indonesia: Literatur Review.” 1 (1): 1–11.
Sugiyono. 2019. Metode Penelitian Pendidikan (Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, Kombinasi, R&D dan Penelitian Pendidikan). Bandung: Alfabeta.
Susatyo, A., M. A. Putra, R. A. Subekti, and M. F. Ritonga. 2024. “Eksperimen Turbin Air Very Low Head dengan Variasi Jumlah Sudu dan Variasi Debit.” 25 (September): 141–157. https://doi.org/10.33556/jstm.
Wibowo, A. De, M. Sidik, H. Lumbantobing, B. Indrawan, Y. Putra, Y. Imamulhak, and R. Rinaldi. 2023. “Studi Potensi Pemanfaatan Energi Baru Terbarukan (EBT) untuk Mendukung Sistem Ketenagalistrikan di Wilayah IKN.” VI: 137–144.
Yazid, M. M., and B. Husin. 2020. “Pengaruh Variasi Ukuran Diameter Lubang Magic Ring pada Exhaust Manifold terhadap Torsi dan Daya Sepeda Motor Yamaha Vega RR.” Jurnal Pendidikan Teknik Mesin 2 (3): 216–223.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Adam Susanto, Atus Buku, Yusuf Siahaya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
