Experimental Studies of Flame Points and Biodiesel Viscosity Produced from Waste Cooking Oil

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v3i1.101

Keywords:

Biodiesel, Flash Point, Viscosity, Waste Cooking Oil.

Abstract

Biodiesel is a potential alternative to replace diesel because its raw materials are renewable and environmentally friendly. One of the raw materials used is waste cooking oil. The high content of free fatty acids in waste cooking oil requires pretreatment in the form of esterification before the transesterification process. This study aims to determine the effect of reaction time variations (60, 70, 80, 90, and 100 minutes) at a temperature of 60°C and a stirring speed of 1050 rpm on biodiesel's flash point and viscosity. The biodiesel production process was carried out in two stages: esterification and transesterification. The catalyst concentration was methanol at a 1:2 ratio and NaOH at 0.5% of the waste cooking oil. After transesterification, the mixture was allowed to settle for 20 minutes. The produced biodiesel was washed with distilled water at 50°C and evaporated at 90-100°C. The flash point test results for the reaction time variations showed the following values: 60 minutes (108.5), 70 minutes (182.5), 80 minutes (182.5), 90 minutes (148.5), and 100 minutes (184.5). The results indicated that the cetane number obtained did not meet the biodiesel quality standards and was not yet suitable for use according to the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (ESDM) regulations.

References

Abdullah, I., M. Sabri, M. Turmuzi, A. S. Silitonga, S. Dharma, dan M. Yusfiani. 2023. "A Review of Properties, Engine Performance, Emission Characteristics and Material Compatibility Biodiesel From Waste Cooking Oil (WCO)." Automotive Experiences.

Andalia, R., dan D. Pratiwi. 2018. "Proses Transesterifikasi Minyak Nabati dengan Metanol." Jurnal Kimia 14 (2): 112-120.

Andalia, J., dan R. Pratiwi. 2018. "Proses Produksi Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas Menggunakan NaOH sebagai Katalis." Jurnal Teknologi 4 (2): 123-131.

Aziz, A. 2010. "Potensi Biodiesel sebagai Pengganti Bahan Bakar Diesel." Jurnal Energi 12 (1): 55-62.

Darmawan, D., dan S. Susila. 2013. "Penipisan Cadangan Minyak Bumi di Dunia." Jurnal Sumber Daya Alam 5 (2): 34-45.

Ginting, M., T. A. Pratiwi, dan I. Kusuma. 2019. "Karakteristik Biodiesel dari Minyak Goreng Bekas Menggunakan Metode Transesterifikasi." Jurnal Energi Terbarukan 11 (3): 45-51.

Haryanto, A., R. Sinaga, B. Haryanto, dan A. Triyono. 2015. "Pengolahan Minyak Jelantah Menjadi Biodiesel." Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian 19 (3): 144-152.

Idris, M., T. Hermanto, R. Syah, M. Husein, dan S. Sitinjak. 2024. "Pembuatan Biodiesel dari Limbah Minyak Goreng: Studi Perbandingan Berbagai Waktu Reaksi." SINERGI POLMED: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin 5 (1): 64-71.

Idris, M., I. Husin, I. Hermawan, U. Novalia, R. D. Batubara, N. A. Pambudi, dan A. Sarifudin. 2023. "Engine Performance Using Blended Fuels of Biodiesel and Eco Diesel." Energy Engineering Journal of the Association of Energy Engineers 120 (1): 107-123.

Idris, M., R. Febrian, F. Fadhilah, dan D. Darmawi. 2023. "Engine Performance Using Blended Fuels of Biodiesel and Eco Diesel." Energy Engineering: Journal of the Association of Energy Engineering 120 (1): 107-123.

Idris, M., T. Siagian, D. Sofyanto, P. Rizky, F. Heriyanti, I. Azhari, dan Z. Husin. 2023. "The Influence of Catalyst on the Characteristics of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil." JTTM: Jurnal Terapan Teknik Mesin 4 (2): 254-262.

Kolakoti, P., M. Setiyo, dan S. Waluyo. 2021. "Pemanfaatan Minyak Jelantah sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel." Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 27 (4): 239-250.

Kumar, N., S. Kumar, dan A. K. Verma. 2020. "Optimization of Biodiesel Production from Waste Cooking Oil Using Response Surface Methodology." Renewable Energy 146: 1284-1292.

Ong, H. C., T. M. I. Mahlia, H. H. Masjuki, W. T. Chong, dan K. Y. Leong. 2019. "Biodiesel Production from Palm Oil and Its Use in Diesel Engine: A Review." Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 27: 449-464.

Saravanan, S., G. Nagarajan, G. Lakshmi Narayana Rao, dan S. Sampath. 2018. "Emission Reduction in Diesel Engines Using Biodiesel and Its Blends." Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy 10 (2): 45-58.

Sari, R. P., M. Z. Rahman, dan R. H. Suryadi. 2017. "Pemanfaatan Minyak Goreng Bekas Sebagai Bahan Baku Biodiesel: Manfaat Ekonomi dan Lingkungan." Jurnal Energi dan Lingkungan 8 (2): 35-44.

Sinaga, R., B. Haryanto, dan A. Triyono. 2014. "Alternatif Energi Terbarukan: Biodiesel dari Minyak Nabati." Jurnal Energi Terbarukan 8 (1): 76-83.

Suherman, S., I. Abdullah, M. Sabri, dan A. S. Silitonga. 2023. "Evaluation of Physicochemical Properties."

Suherman, S., A. Ilmi, M. Sabri, dan A. S. Silitonga. 2024. "Effect of Reaction Time on Production Biodiesel of Schleichera oleosa." Engineering Headway 6: 43-52.

Published

2024-04-30

How to Cite

Hussein, M., & Idris, M. . (2024). Experimental Studies of Flame Points and Biodiesel Viscosity Produced from Waste Cooking Oil. IRA Jurnal Teknik Mesin Dan Aplikasinya (IRAJTMA), 3(1), 86–92. https://doi.org/10.56862/irajtma.v3i1.101

Issue

Section

Scientific Article